00:00.33 ALEX And we are back with archae animals the podcast all about zoarcheology we are talking about the zooareology of Antarctica of all places as part of our miniseries which is coming to an end called where in the world and. We are going to talk about domesticated animals because I found them folks I did the impossible but we found them but still I found them. 00:27.84 S_ Granarius Because we thought like you know you you couldn't have possibly have heard enough about sheep. You're like where's my sheep want to hear but some more sheep so there you go. 00:39.11 ALEX And I said by God by God We would find some domesticate to talk about and to be fair, actually no, we do We do talk about cheap in this episode I just remembered so you know what nevermind I was gonna be like oh well, we at least we have some different ones. Nope It's the same ones same species. 00:49.19 S_ Granarius Um, just. 00:58.45 ALEX He didn't even have to do this. We probably could just replay the same domesticate segment from the last couple episodes there. Yes, this is true. So let's get right into it. So obviously we're not really talking about domestic kits that kind of. 01:03.89 S_ Granarius A boy will some of them are fantastic names. 01:18.30 ALEX Up from the continent. Are we instead we're kind of talking we I guess we're cheating a little bit but these are domesticated animals that were introduced to Antarctica because obviously as we we ended the last segment we were talking about how this history of Antarctica is a history of exploitation and. Loads of humans coming in and geopolitical issues. All this kind of stuff so you have all these human visitors coming to the continent and unsurprisingly they brought their own animals as part of their expeditions. So basically this segment and actually the case studies as well. It will be showcasing how human and. Post move in a species can radicalically transform a zoeology so looking forward to Zo Archeologist Naal years trying to figure these this one's out. 02:01.46 S_ Granarius Or another words like let's bring this animal over here. What could possibly go wrong. 02:08.89 ALEX I Also just realized I gave you a break Simona and did not provide any scientific names because for the most part we're not really talking about specific very specific breeds or Species. We're talking kind of broadly because. Lots of different types of these domesticated animals were brought over and you know just giving you a break Simona don't worry. 02:33.40 S_ Granarius That's okay I might just remember the scientific names of the domesticates. 02:36.57 ALEX Okay, well then what's the scientific need for select dogs. 02:41.29 S_ Granarius Well probably not for specifically slept dog but you'll just go under dog so be can his faities. 02:48.28 ALEX Okay I guess you just love doing the scientific name so much I won't take that way from you. But yeah I mean we have talked about dogs before but we haven't talked about sled dogs. So important you can't see it but I'm pointing at the screen like. 03:07.20 S_ Granarius So. 03:07.58 ALEX Informatively. Yes, anyway, these dogs would be harnessed to a sled obviously in a pack and they were trained to pull the sled across snow environments. So unsurprisingly this was kind of the main choice of transportation for some of the earliest expeditions of Antarctica. Now sled dog breeds were often selected due to their strength their speed and their ability to handle coal temperatures. So a lot of breeds that were chosen were things like huskies now unfortunately and. Boy is this segment going to slightly be a bummer um side dogs. Yeah sled dogs often found themselves meeting the worst possible fates in Antarctica many were not provided the food necessary for them to survive leading most of them to die of starvation. Others found themselves cold. 03:44.78 S_ Granarius Um. 04:01.87 ALEX During expeditions due to a lack of supplies and resources. And in fact, some expeditions found themselves turning to their dogs when food ran out so you know not fun. 04:11.68 S_ Granarius It is. It's not exactly Bolto is it like the the the cartoon adaptation it no. 04:20.76 ALEX It's now it's it. No, it's it's not for yeah I mean you know? yeah maybe. 04:28.86 S_ Granarius But to to make that even jollier on them. Ah, ah, dogs are where the weren't the only ones that ah met such horrible fates. Ah please Sandy cover your ears because but but my dog sort of sat right next to me. So just like yeah, just. 04:40.59 ALEX Oh no. 04:46.69 S_ Granarius Your ears. So dont don't don't listen to this bit or or the previous bit or any of it really? Um, but um, yet dogs weren't the only animals that were brought over to antarctic as a means of transport ponies were also brought for reasons. Ah I mean. 05:01.19 ALEX Yes, pony. 05:05.85 S_ Granarius Police this was the strategy for the terran nova expedition a particularly ill-fated expedition where the main party of explorers including its captain Robert Fark and Scott all died attempting to return from the south pole so out of all the choices because choices they were. 05:23.70 ALEX Um. 05:25.70 S_ Granarius Ah, that hotmade for the trip including attempting to use a mixed transport strategy of sled dogs and ponies at the same time. Um, none slight flaw in that plan is that the person that was charged with acquiring the ponies didn't know much about horses. So. The animals themselves were not particularly fit for purpose. Um none issue. Um the snowshoes that were brought along for the ponies. Of course indeed they would be absolutely necessary for them to move through the snow did not actually fit all of them so unsurprisingly much like the sle dogs. Many of them ended up in horrible fates just eaten by said sled dogs drowned and or eaten by Orcas etc. Etc. Ah so I guess that's more like never ending story. 06:15.30 ALEX Yeah, and I wanted to you know, point out the tarra nova exhibit in particular because is that expedition we were kind of talking about previously. You know people were racing towards this the south pole and the robert falcon scotts exhibition was one of the ones that was racing. There's another one who's I just ah, very completely forgot who the other person was but it was None teams basically racing and this guy Scott was like well we gotta get there as fast as possible. So I'm going to pick the most incompetent people to make the decisions and then they all died. So didn't didn't work out for anyone across the board. But I guess some orcas got fed. 07:05.70 S_ Granarius Was also some sled dogs. 07:07.42 ALEX Well I think the slide dogs also eventually died So and I guess you? yeah yeah, well I mean. 07:11.90 S_ Granarius But with a full belly possibly so I'm I'm laughing a lot but it's more of a nervous lack is's just ah, no dear. 07:22.61 ALEX It's pretty horrible. Yeah, it's this is not a fun segment and frankly it doesn't get any better because if the animals weren't just dying of poor choices. They were dying because they were being culled and that's basically the last 2 examples we have on. This segment so we had to do it. We had to bring sheep along because I think we all we've maybe almost talked about sheep in every single episode of this manyeries might be None that we haven't but. 07:52.48 S_ Granarius We may have like left it out for Oceania because like I'll not sheep again. 07:56.91 ALEX Yeah, it's I mean there's a reason why they're called these are the domesticate species. They they're very fit for purpose for the most part except for Antarctica apparently and that's the lesson that we're learning today is that domestic kids. They work well in most places but not Antarctica so sheep were alongside animals for transport and so they were brought in not to do any of those kind of. You know, sledding or anything they were just brought along for longer occupations in the antarctic you know once you got there and you had to stay there many people needed to have these con domestic kits. So for example, many of the whalers who took up business in the region would. Establish these whaling stations on the various antarctic islands bringing along demisquide species as well. So this was the case for kerguelan islands where she first introduced in None and as of 2014 sheep still remains on the island. There's been a campaign to call the population for the purposes of cons servingving the native species there. So it's kind of a tough decision and you know I didn't think we were going to have to talk about cats in this part but ah, apparently there's a colony of feral cats. On the crielan islands as well. So domestic kids really? ah, really got around in the antarctic region. 09:38.33 S_ Granarius In spite of all odds because it's not you know the easiest of climates and yet you know life finds a way and. 09:44.00 ALEX Is it. It's very interesting Actually they like kind of compare these 2 side by side in that you know you have sled dogs and horses that I mean I guess in what respect they were getting put through the ringer they were going through the environment pulling. S slides and being vi sub suburban and whatnot so they had it really tough and then you have all these other domestic Kidss that didn't necessarily have to do any of that kind of hard work and they apparently flourished Although again I think you know these domestic kids really weren't brought on the continent. Proper They were kind of in the islands around it. So Not I mean it's still Cold. Don't get me wrong, but not potentially not as bad in terms of rough climate if that makes sense now like they were. They're still in in the area is that. 10:31.68 S_ Granarius Yeah, like not full blown South Bowl cold 10:39.50 ALEX Still cold. It say surprising that a lot of these species kind of just chilled out. But yeah. 10:44.39 S_ Granarius Actually sheep because sheep seem to have this determination to just kill themselves. They'll do just anything in their power. Oh is that a cliff let me just run towards it and off it and see what happens. 10:50.60 ALEX True is a very. 11:00.52 ALEX Yeah, So I Wonder how they were so ah for fright in staying alive In this case, very interesting and I mean I think I'm not sure I couldn't find. And up to day information as to whether or not there's still sheep there. It seems like they were calling a lot of these sheep but who knows to be honest, there might still be one out there. 11:24.20 S_ Granarius Or well if you do know or if you've been to Antarctica please like tweet to us ah arche animals and tell us more about sheep in Antarctica. 11:34.58 ALEX If you're a sheep in Antarctica please let us know we'd love to interview you also how do you know how to use a podcast that's amazing so much an need to ask you? Oh my gosh. 11:44.36 S_ Granarius Ah, but but that's how they made it out there so long. Um, but yeah I guess the final domesticate ah that as um, spread across Antarctica is the pig which so. To sheep. They were also brought along with by whalers and scientists setting up sort of permanent stations on various islands around the antatic region now one of the islands has become so overrun but with pigs by the mid to late like sort of none century that it was eventually named. 12:19.73 ALEX Clearly. 12:23.79 S_ Granarius Elo Co show So like O Pig Island I mean it was also take up. Um I mean it was also home to like sheep cats and and rabbits or all of which were absolutely all introduced as well. But I guess ah mainly pigs. Um, which ah. Up since all been eradicated I should expect so but big Island is the the Pig Less Island now. 12:49.66 ALEX Ah, no more Pig Island el local cu it's just delights me it delights me to know and that is it's just the pig island that's in the antarctic out did I go through my whole life. 12:57.98 S_ Granarius Stop. 13:09.67 ALEX Twenty-nine years of my life without knowing that there was a Pig Island in the Antarctic. 13:14.93 S_ Granarius And it just kind of like it's it's the redemption arc because we've gone you know from like from new shetland le south shetland and South Okley which is just you know like names of archipelago that were already there. We're just the south added to it to eloco show creativity like plus a hundred percent 13:33.23 ALEX Ah I'm gonna go down there and put more pigs on there then they can't stop me just and a rope. 13:37.89 S_ Granarius Ah, well they can't but the protocol on environmental protection to the antarctic Treaty can stop you. 13:47.64 ALEX I mean they're technically they're basically native species now on Pig Island you're telling me that pigs are not native to Pig Island you're Allie blind I have a case. But yeah, there was simoa is right though, they're in 9098 there was the protocol on environmental protection to the antarctic treaty and that was enacted and it basically created a ban on bringing non-native species to the continent. That being said, it has not stopped invasive species from taking a hold and obviously we've done a whole episode on kind of invasive species. You can listen to that. Ah, but you know it happens. It's very hard not to have that happen. Let's be real where people go species kind of follow in some way or another now unsurprisingly most of these are marine invertebrates that probably came along via ships. So your crabs muscles barnacles algae. But there is a worry that rodents may eventually make their way over such as rats. So who knows you might have a Rat Island just trying to remember what the word for rat in ah french is and I'm blanking. 15:02.42 S_ Granarius I I think it's also like hot route. 15:03.18 ALEX I Know French This is. 15:09.98 ALEX Oh boy. But yeah I mean you know makes sense. 15:13.86 S_ Granarius Oh that's all right? My translator is on point I asked for the the French for Rat and he gave me the Italian and be like oh yeah, no Neo Latin language close enough. They'll do. 15:24.46 ALEX Yeah I mean oh Ratton Ilo ratton. 15:32.20 S_ Granarius Yeah, or just yet ha say as a self spelled Rat but ha. 15:40.14 ALEX Languages are silly um and yet so beautiful because it gave us Pig Island and it doesn't all never get off this high. No you know what? actually I'm glad that our None episode turned out to be this because it gave us Pig Island we're celebrating our None anniversary. 15:41.16 S_ Granarius Um. 15:53.75 S_ Granarius Cake island. 15:57.34 ALEX Yeah, orary there you episode. We're not that old yet. Ah, but we're celebrating it on Pig Island and you know hopefully you the listener are there with us mentally on Pig Island ila coion 15:59.72 S_ Granarius The. 16:09.92 S_ Granarius So shoes like a meditation think picture Pig Island um yeah although I know that the the french chi led and there is ah just a a joo about the french just the io cuion just but just be beautiful. 16:22.45 ALEX Um, so yeah, you know as as our French listeners angrily start emailing us about how poor pronunciation is in French which you know not surprise I'm selling like my French teacher from way back when. 16:28.18 S_ Granarius Um. 16:41.43 ALEX We'll take a break and we will come back with our case studies which I mean slightly less depressing ish. Yeah see after the break folks. 16:49.82 S_ Granarius There's some real nice creativity there.